Bandura and Effective Classroom Management

Albert Banduras Social Learning Theory foc roles on how a somebody is able to gain knowledge within a social context, wherein he learns from what is in his surroundings, along with the people around him. In this ride, it considers that people or groups of people be able to learn from apiece an otherwise(prenominal) through with(predicate) various ways interchangeable observational knowledge, imitation, modeling, and more(prenominal). With this idea, Bandura shows that the environment is a great t severallyer, wherein it gives the people the discipline or the knowledge that could be the basis of their character formation.The theory of social cultivation is follows several principles. hotshot is that people is able to acquire learning through observation of the way of other people, along with the results of those demeanor. They dont commit to developedly take the function some people be in so that they leave alone learn. They could just look, observe and analy ze other peoples actions and the outejaculates of those actions. For example, a student may not overhear to be in a situation where he crosses the street and be bumped by a railway car because he didnt look on both sides.A teacher or a facilitator could tell him that he should look both sides before mark to avoid accidents. Another is when the electric razor learns from what his parents do, since they are the ones directly close to the teenster. Also, learning corporation occur without expecting any change or development in the carriage of a person. This is in contrast to what is let go overd by the other theorists, the behaviorists. They believe that learning requires to be represented by permanent change in a persons behavior, which was strongly op constitute by the social learning theorists saying that learning may or may not result to behavior changes.Cognition is also an important aspect to consider as it is related to learning of human organisms. Social learning the ory is more on the cognitive aspect of learning. The behavior that people shows are their reactions towards reinforcements and punishments posed by their actions. Concept of Reciprocal Determinism Albert Bandura was also able to relate the environment and behavior when it comes to learning. This is what he called as reciprocal determinism the concept where the world and a persons behavior come into terms and causes each other.He believed that a persons behavior is an aspect that is able to influence and is influencing the persons personal factors and also his environment (Bandura & Stanford University, 1978). The relationship is sh knowledge by the diagram below Banduras idea was that a persons behavior may be effectively conditioned in relation to the consequences that he experiences. It molds that persons thinking, and then resulting to the behavior that he exhibits. He also associates it with the persons environment, wherein this persons behavior keep have an impact on his env ironment.The same relationship can be seen when it comes to the personal factors like ones skills or attitudes and behaviors or the environment, wherein each of these can directly or indirectly affect each other. Putting this concept of reciprocal determinism on a bodroom setting, this can be illustrated by how a child acts out in school. The situations is that the child doesnt want to go to class, that is why his actions in his class shows it. He is not interested in the lessons, and is indifferent towards his classmates.Because of this action, the teachers and administrators would develop as authorized shun on having the child around, since he acts like he doesnt want to be in school. Looking clearly at the situation, the dislike that was developed by the teachers was all caused by the child himself. When the child is confronted, he would say that he actually hates school, and that the people in the scool hate him also. Thus, this situation leads to the child acting inappropri ately, which also forces the teachers and administrators to develop a dislike of the child to create an environment which is different compared to that of other children.This environment is more constrictive in nature, therefore leaving the child to feel differently. Both the behavioral factor and the factors coming from his environment corresponds with the child thats why it leads to the un vary cycle of the personal factors, the environment, and the childs behavior. With the concept of determinism at hand, the teachers and administrators could hence go on improve the management of their class. They are able to understand split up why some students tend to be indifferent in their outlook of going to school.Some students may hate going to school, but this shouldnt be a evidence for the teachers and administrators to hate the students also. They should be the ones to adjust and be tactful of the students situation. They should further encourage them to go to school quite a n than hating or disliking them because they dont want to attend class. These people could cabal a teaching program for these students to make them enjoy going to class, consequently changing the perspective of the children who hate school (Wong, Wong, & Mensah LL, 1983).Observational LearningThe bobo doll studies. One of the main(a) experiments of the observational learning concept of Albert Bandura was with the bobo doll an inflatable balloon catch the size of a small person with a weight at the bottom in order for it to bounce back when it is hit or knocked down. The experiment Bandura did was to first film a woman beating a bobo doll punching it as hard as she could as it bobs back and forward spot shouting sockeroo After it was filmed, it was then show to a class of kindergarten students who seemed to like it a lot.After that they were let out to play, wherein the play room has a bobo doll and a few toy hammers. It was then observed that children imitated the young wen ch in the film, beating the bobo doll and shouting sockeroo for no reason. They were doing everything that the lady did in the film without cosmos told to do so or without the belief of a reward. This experiment may not be as panoptic as other researches would be, but still, it showed a lot for Bandura to establish the concept of the observational learning or modeling, thus this theory was then know as the social learning theory.He afterwards made modifications on the experiment, varying factors, adding more variables, even changing the bobo doll with a live clown, thus getting the same or related results. He added rewards or punishments and other factors on that would register and affect the childrens reactions. With all these variations, he equanimous all the necessary information which led him to various steps winding in the observational learning mould. The observational learning help Attention. check to Albert Bandura, the first and foremost step in the observational l earning process is the worry step.This is where the learners should put in mind that they have to focus in order to learn. They have to be paying attention so that they leave be able to learn anything new. Anything that may hinder or be deterrent to the learners attention would probably decrease their learning, thus slowing the observational learning process. This includes various feelings of uneasiness like be sleepy, groggy, drugged, sick, or even when you are feeling hyper. Other stimulus that may catch the learners attention could also mean learning less.On the positive aspect, something that could catch attention which is integrated in the learning model would greatly induce the observational learning process. This includes various physical attributes of the model, like the color and shape, wherein something that could be appealing to the learner may get them more interested in the learning process. Applying this to the classroom setting, if the attention step is justly as similated by the teachers and facilitators, and then they would be assured that it would hasten the students learning. First of all, the teachers should consider the learning environment.They should make sure that there are no external factors that could compete for the attention of the students. The classroom should be conducive for learning, like there are no unnecessary noises in the area, or there are no objects that may attract the students and lure them out-of-door from the lessons, like unrelated posters or materials placed inside the room. The students themselves should be attentive, rivet their attention only to the lesson being taught. The teachers should encourage the children to have a serious nights sleep so that they wont turn up sleepy in class.They should discourage going to class while under the influence of alcohol or drugs. They should not encourage them to go to class when theyre sick, since it doesnt make them attentive or on the watch for any lesson, since theyre not feeling well. The teachers themselves should look presentable when acquaint up in class the students would tend to focus more attention to what is being taught if it appeals to their senses. But teachers should not overdo it, since there is a drift that the students would tend to focus more on the teacher rather than what is being taught. Retention.After paying attention, Bandura emphasized that the learners should be able to retain what they have larn and paid attention to. The best way for this is to be done is through the use of cipherry and language forming mental images by means of communicative descriptions. Retention is important so that the learners would be able to investment firm the information that they have learned for future use. When these are stored, the learner could then be able to bring up the learning by remembering the image or the description, thus making it useful if they want to reproduce it with their own behavior.In the classroom setting, this is useful so that the students pull up stakes be able to store the amount of information necessary for the learning process. This is with the help of the teachers or facilitators, wherein they are the once who encourage or induce the retention of what was learned by the students. The teachers are encouraged to use verbal description of a certain topic or concept so that the students could further visualize what is being taught to them. The teachers and facilitators could also utilize various visual aids so that the students will have a mental image of what they are being taught.It is easier for them to further remember this whenever they need to reproduce the same behavior for their future usage. Reproduction. For Bandura, retort is the actual application of what was learned by the learners. For the observational learning process to be fruitful, the learners should be able to translate what they have well-kept into actual behavior. Putting in an actual classroom setting, teac hers should encourage their students to apply what they have learned in the practical situations. The teachers and facilitators should devise activities that would require the application of what they have learned from class.These could be outdoor activities like training camps wherein the students are presumption hands-on application of what they have learned in lessons like first-aid applications and other practical skill usage. This would induce the actual observational learning process, wherein they themselves could counterpart what they saw and observed from others and be able to apply what they have retained from the lessons in class. Motivation. The final step that Bandura gave was about motivation. This is the final part, wherein you are encourage the application of what was learned in the observational learning process.This is by bounteous the learner a reason to do so. Motivation may come in both positive and negative forms. The positive motivators include past(a) rei nforcements, promised reinforcements, and vicarious reinforcements. These things does not necessarily cause learning, kind of it causes us to demonstrate what we have learned. Another form is the negative motivations, wherein they give the learners a reason not to imitate a certain model that they see from other situations. This includes past punishments, promised punishments or threats, and vicarious punishments.But for Bandura, these punishments which are forms of negative motivations doest not realise well as compared to that of reinforcement. Instead, these punishments could possibly disrupt learning when they backfire or result into something different (Sheppard, 2006). Applying this in a classroom situation, teachers and facilitators may use this to encourage the students to perform according to what was taught to them. They are encouraged to imitate or reproduce a certain behavior by providing motivators. This includes plus points in their grades if they have dont have any records of absences or doesnt come to class late.Punishment doesnt promise much of a result, instead, the students may tend to hate the teachers or facilitators for doing so. That is the part when the negative motivators backfire instead of inducing the observational learning process. Summary Albert Banduras Social cognitive Theory or observational learning theory encompasses various concepts in the process of learning for people. It does not only relate the persons environment to a persons behavior, it also emphasizes on the immenseness of observational learning to fruitful management of classrooms.Through this, Bandura is able to stress on how strongly the persons behavior is attached to what is happening in his environment, thus various conditions may be taken so that learning could occur. It is a helpful tool for the teachers because it does not only encompass the concord of lessons it also tackles on the application of what the students have learned. This strengthens the stud ents knowledge, making him a let out person because of everything that he has learned from school.